The United States, the former Soviet Union, and most recently China are the only other countries to have successfully completed a soft landing on the Moon, and India will join them if the Chandrayaan 3 mission is carried out successfully by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

The US and USSR both experienced numerous spacecraft mishaps before safely landing on the Moon. China distinguishes out as the only country with a first-time success with the Chang’e-3 mission in 2013.

Chandrayaan 3 needs to execute a variety of critical tasks, including earthbound maneuvers, entry into the lunar orbit, lander separation, a series of deboost maneuvers, and a power descent phase for a clean landing.

Live updates for Chandrayaan 3 and its location:

10 August :- ISRO releases a photo of the moon captured during lunar orbit insertion as well as a photo of the earth acquired on July 14 by the Lander Image camera.

8th August :- In a speech with an NGO called Disha Bharat, ISRO Chairman Dr. S. Somnath confidently asserts that the Chandrayaan-3 mission will succeed even if the sensors or the engine malfunction. “If everything fails, all sensors stop working and nothing works, still Vikram will make a soft-landing provided that propulsion system works well” he said. 

6th August:- By firing its engines backwards, the spacecraft successfully carried out a scheduled orbit lowering maneuver. As a result, with an orbit range of 170 km x 4313 km, it has now gotten closer to the Moon’s surface. On August 9, 2023, between 13:00 and 14:00 Hrs. IST, another operation will be carried out to further lower its orbit. This will be the next stage in the procedure.

5th August: – Chandrayaan-3 entered the lunar orbit smoothly, precisely reaching the targeted orbital parameters of 164 by 18074 kilometers. At the Perilune, a deft movement was carried out under the direction of the Mission Operations Complex (MOX) at ISTRAC, Bengaluru. Orbit reduction, a crucial stage in the mission strategy, is the next item on the schedule. This event is scheduled to occur on August 6, 2023, about 23:00 Indian Standard Time (IST).

4th August: – About two-thirds of the distance to the moon is covered by Chandrayaan-3. The current date for Lunar Orbit Injection is August 5, 2023, about 19:00 IST.

1st August: – After completing its Earth orbits, Chandrayaan-3 will start its trek to the Moon. The spacecraft was expertly placed into its translunar orbit thanks to a stunning perigee-firing at ISTRAC, ISRO. The much anticipated Lunar-Orbit Insertion (LOI), precisely planned for August 5, 2023, will occur as Earth approaches the lunar vicinity.

26th July: – The TransLunar Injection (TLI), which is expected to take place on August 1, 2023, between 00:00 and 1:00 IST, is planned.  The spacecraft’s voyage to the Moon will officially begin when the planned TLI launches it there.

25 July: – On the 25th of July, between 2:00 and 3:30 IST, Chandrayaan-3 successfully carried out its fifth and final Earth-bound orbit-raising operation.  The spacecraft is expected to enter an orbit that is 127,609 km by 236 km after arriving at its destination. Subsequent observations will be used to confirm the orbit that was attained. ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network (ISTRAC) was used to carry out the maneuver.

20 July:- On Thursday, July 20, between 2:00 and 3:30 PM IST, the Chandrayaan 3 completed its fourth orbit-raising manoeuvre, according to the (ISRO). This is the fourth of numerous orbit-raising maneuvers the spacecraft must do before entering a lunar orbit.

18 July: – The spacecraft completed its intended orbit, which was 51400 km by 228 km. On Tuesday, July 18, between 2:00 and 3:30 PM IST, the third orbit-raising manoeuvre was successfully completed, according to an official confirmation from ISRO. Currently, the spacecraft orbits the Earth at a distance of 51,400 kilometers from its center and 228 kilometers at its furthest point. On Thursday, July 20, between 2:00 and 3:00 PM IST, the following fire event is scheduled.

14 July:- Chandrayaan-3: India’s Quest for Lunar Exploration Continues

Also Read – https://metrocityhunt.com/chandrayaan-3-indias-quest-for-lunar-exploration-continues/

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Introduction: Space exploration has always fascinated humankind, pushing the boundaries of our knowledge and igniting our curiosity about the vast universe. India, with its ambitious space program, has made significant strides in the field of lunar exploration. After the success of Chandrayaan-1 and the unfortunate setback of Chandrayaan-2, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is once again gearing up for another lunar mission with Chandrayaan-3. In this blog post, we will delve into the details of Chandrayaan-3, its objectives, and the significance of India’s continued efforts in lunar exploration.

1. Background: Chandrayaan-3 is the third mission in India’s Chandrayaan series, following the successful Chandrayaan-1 mission in 2008 and the partially successful Chandrayaan-2 mission in 2019. While Chandrayaan-1 focused on mapping the lunar surface and detecting evidence of water molecules, Chandrayaan-2 aimed to land a rover on the moon’s surface. Unfortunately, the lander, Vikram, experienced a hard landing, leading to partial mission success. Undeterred by the setback, ISRO is now preparing for the Chandrayaan-3 mission to accomplish the unfulfilled objectives of Chandrayaan-2.
2. Objectives of Chandrayaan-3: The primary objectives of Chandrayaan-3 are similar to those of Chandrayaan-2, with a renewed focus on achieving a successful soft landing on the lunar surface. The mission aims to:

a. Demonstrate India’s technological prowess: Chandrayaan-3 will showcase India’s expertise in space exploration by successfully executing a soft landing on the moon’s surface, making it only the fourth country to achieve this feat after the United States, Russia, and China.

b. Study the lunar surface: The mission will involve the deployment of a rover to analyze the composition of the lunar surface, search for water ice, and gather data to enhance our understanding of the moon’s geology.

c. Strengthen international collaboration: Chandrayaan-3 aims to foster collaboration with other nations by including scientific payloads from international partners, enabling a shared exploration of the lunar environment.

3. Key Technological Advancements: Chandrayaan-3 will incorporate several improvements based on the lessons learned from the Chandrayaan-2 mission. These advancements include:

a. Enhanced landing system: ISRO plans to refine the landing system to ensure a successful soft landing on the moon’s surface. This will involve improvements in the guidance and navigation systems, as well as enhanced landing gear.

b. Redesigned lander and rover: The lander and rover will undergo modifications to enhance their performance and robustness, enabling better mobility and data collection capabilities.

c. Increased redundancy and reliability: ISRO will focus on increasing the redundancy and reliability of various mission components to mitigate potential risks and improve overall mission success.

4. Significance of Chandrayaan-3: The Chandrayaan-3 mission holds immense significance for India and the global scientific community:

a. National pride and inspiration: Chandrayaan-3 represents India’s continued commitment to space exploration and showcases the nation’s technological prowess on a global stage. Its success will inspire future generations of scientists and engineers to push boundaries and pursue careers in space research.

b. Advancing lunar science: Chandrayaan-3’s scientific payloads will provide valuable data on the moon’s surface, which will contribute to our understanding of lunar geology, the presence of water, and the potential for future resource utilization.

c. International collaboration: The inclusion of scientific payloads from international partners fosters collaboration and knowledge-sharing among nations, leading to collective advancements in lunar exploration.

Conclusion: Chandrayaan-3 embodies India’s unwavering dedication to space exploration and its commitment to expanding scientific knowledge. Through this mission, ISRO aims to achieve a successful soft landing on the lunar surface, further our understanding of the moon, and inspire future generations. As we eagerly await the launch of Chandrayaan-3, we can anticipate new discoveries and advancements that will contribute to the global scientific community and pave the way for future lunar exploration endeavors.

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In recent years, the world has witnessed a growing concern for energy consumption and sustainability. Governments, organizations, and individuals are actively seeking ways to optimize energy usage and reduce their carbon footprint. In this pursuit, electricity departments across the globe are implementing cutting-edge technologies, with one notable advancement being the installation of smart energy meters. In this blog post, we will explore the current updates and significance of smart energy meters in revolutionizing energy monitoring.

Smart Energy Meters, also known as advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), differ from old traditional meters in several key aspects. Here are the main differences between the two:

1. Communication: Traditional meters are typically electromechanical devices that only provide basic measurement capabilities. They do not have communication capabilities and require manual reading by a utility company representative. In contrast, smart energy meters are equipped with wireless communication capabilities, enabling two-way communication between consumers and utility providers. This allows for real-time data transmission and eliminates the need for manual readings.
2. Real-time Data: Traditional meters provide cumulative energy usage readings, usually displayed on a mechanical dial. They require manual reading at periodic intervals, such as monthly, to determine energy consumption. Smart energy meters, on the other hand, provide real-time data about energy consumption. They can display current usage, historical data, and even offer insights into energy usage patterns, allowing consumers and utility companies to monitor and manage energy consumption more effectively.
3. Billing Accuracy: Traditional meters often rely on estimated readings, where the utility company estimates the energy usage between manual readings. This estimation can sometimes result in inaccurate billing, leading to discrepancies between the actual energy consumption and the billed amount. Smart energy meters provide precise and accurate readings, eliminating the need for estimated bills. This ensures that consumers are billed accurately based on their actual energy usage.
4. Advanced Features: Smart energy meters offer additional features and functionalities that traditional meters lack. These include:a. Time-of-Use (TOU) Pricing: Smart meters can support TOU pricing, where electricity rates vary based on the time of day. This allows consumers to adapt their energy usage to off-peak hours when electricity rates are lower, potentially saving them money.b. Remote Access and Control: Smart meters enable utility companies to remotely access and control the meters, eliminating the need for physical visits. This streamlines processes such as meter reading, connection or disconnection of services, and handling outages or maintenance.c. Integration with Smart Home Systems: Smart energy meters can integrate with smart home automation systems, allowing consumers to monitor and control their energy usage through mobile apps or smart devices. This integration promotes energy efficiency by providing real-time insights and enabling consumers to adjust their consumption accordingly.d. Demand Response: Smart meters facilitate demand response programs, where utility companies can remotely request consumers to reduce or shift their energy usage during peak demand periods. This helps balance the load on the electrical grid and prevent blackouts or strain on the system.

Overall, smart energy meters provide more accurate and real-time data, enable advanced features such as time-based pricing and demand response, and offer better control and monitoring options for both consumers and utility companies. They represent a significant advancement over traditional meters, empowering individuals and organizations to make informed decisions about energy consumption and contribute to a more efficient and sustainable energy ecosystem.

What are Smart Energy Meters?

Smart energy meters, also known as advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), are devices that digitally measure and record electricity consumption in real-time. Unlike traditional electromechanical meters, smart meters provide two-way communication between consumers and utility companies. These devices are equipped with wireless communication capabilities, allowing data to be transmitted back to the utility provider instantaneously.

Current Updates and Implementation

1. Enhanced Energy Monitoring: Smart meters enable electricity departments to gather accurate and detailed information about energy consumption patterns. With real-time data, both consumers and utility companies can monitor energy usage more effectively, identify peak hours, and implement strategies for load management. This knowledge empowers consumers to make informed decisions about their energy consumption, leading to potential cost savings and improved energy efficiency.
2. Time-of-Use (TOU) Pricing: One of the significant updates associated with smart energy meters is the implementation of time-based pricing. TOU pricing incentivizes consumers to shift their energy usage to off-peak hours when the demand is lower, resulting in reduced strain on the grid. Smart meters allow electricity departments to offer flexible pricing plans that encourage consumers to adapt their consumption habits and contribute to a more balanced energy distribution.
3. Remote Access and Monitoring: Smart meters provide utility companies with the ability to remotely access and monitor energy consumption data. This eliminates the need for manual meter readings and simplifies the billing process. Additionally, real-time access to consumption patterns helps utility providers identify potential outages or irregularities promptly, allowing for faster response times and more efficient maintenance.
4. Demand Response Programs: Smart meters facilitate the implementation of demand response programs, which aim to balance electricity demand during peak hours. By analyzing data from smart meters, utility companies can identify high-demand periods and incentivize consumers to reduce their usage voluntarily. This approach not only stabilizes the grid but also reduces the reliance on additional power generation, contributing to a more sustainable energy ecosystem.

Benefits and Future Implications

The installation of smart energy meters brings several benefits to both consumers and electricity departments:

1. Accurate Billing: Smart meters eliminate estimated billing and provide precise readings, ensuring consumers only pay for the energy they have consumed.
2. Energy Efficiency: Real-time data empowers consumers to track their energy usage, identify wasteful practices, and make informed decisions to optimize their consumption.
3. Grid Optimization: With detailed consumption data, utility companies can identify areas of high demand, implement load management strategies, and improve the stability and efficiency of the electrical grid.
4. Renewable Energy Integration: Smart meters can play a crucial role in integrating renewable energy sources into the grid. By providing real-time data, electricity departments can effectively manage the variability of renewable energy generation and balance it with consumer demand.

While smart meters offer several advantages, they also have some potential disadvantages. Here are a few disadvantages associated with smart meters:

1. Privacy concerns: Smart meters collect detailed information about energy usage, including the time and duration of energy consumption. This data can reveal patterns of behavior and lifestyle, raising privacy concerns for some individuals. Unauthorized access or misuse of this information could lead to privacy breaches or invasions of personal space.
2. Health concerns: Some individuals have expressed concerns about the potential health effects of smart meters due to their continuous emission of electromagnetic radiation. However, studies conducted so far have not provided conclusive evidence of harmful health effects within the established safety limits.
3. Installation and maintenance costs: The deployment of smart meters requires significant infrastructure upgrades, including installation and maintenance costs. These costs are usually passed on to consumers, potentially leading to increased electricity bills.
4. Potential for technical issues: Like any electronic device, smart meters can experience technical issues, such as inaccurate readings or connectivity problems. Inaccurate readings can lead to billing errors, which may require additional effort and time to rectify.
5. Reliance on technology: Smart meters rely on digital technology and communication networks to transmit data. If there are issues with network connectivity or power outages, the functionality of smart meters may be affected, hindering accurate data collection and real-time monitoring.
6. Lack of standardization: In some regions, there may be a lack of standardization in smart meter technologies and communication protocols. This can create challenges when integrating different types of smart meters into a cohesive system or when switching between utility providers.
7. Resistance to change: Some individuals may resist the introduction of smart meters due to concerns about technological complexity, perceived loss of control, or changes in billing practices. This resistance can result in delays in the adoption and implementation of smart meter programs.

It is important to note that while these disadvantages exist, they may not be experienced universally or to the same degree in all situations. Many of these concerns can be addressed through proper planning, privacy regulations, public education, and ongoing monitoring and improvement of smart meter systems.

Looking ahead, the widespread installation of smart energy meters has the potential to transform the energy landscape further. As technology evolves, we can expect advancements such as interoperability with other smart devices, integration with smart home automation systems, and the utilization of artificial intelligence algorithms to optimize energy consumption further.

Conclusion

The installation of smart energy meters by electricity departments represents a significant step towards a more sustainable and efficient energy future. These devices provide real-time data, allowing consumers and utility companies to make informed decisions about energy consumption, promote load management strategies, and contribute to a more balanced and eco-friendly electrical grid. As smart meter technology continues to evolve, we can expect further improvements that will revolutionize the way we consume and manage energy. By embracing these advancements, we can work together towards a greener and more sustainable planet.

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AI technology has evolved significantly over the past few decades, and there are many different approaches to developing AI systems, including rule-based systems, decision trees, neural networks, and evolutionary algorithms. Some of the most common applications of AI technology include natural language processing, computer vision, machine learning, and robotics.

AI technology is used in a wide range of industries, from healthcare and finance to retail and manufacturing, and it has the potential to revolutionize many aspects of our lives, making processes faster, more efficient, and more accurate. However, there are also concerns about the potential impact of AI on jobs, privacy, and security, and there is ongoing debate about how best to regulate the development and use of AI technology.

AI technology has the potential to significantly impact human life in many ways, both positive and negative. Here are some of the main ways that AI is currently impacting human life:

1. Increased automation: AI technology is being used to automate many tasks that were previously done by humans, such as manufacturing, customer service, and data analysis. This can lead to increased efficiency and productivity, but it also raises concerns about job displacement.
2. Improved healthcare: AI is being used to develop new medical treatments, diagnose diseases, and analyze medical data. This has the potential to improve healthcare outcomes and save lives.
3. Enhanced personalization: AI is being used to personalize everything from marketing messages to news articles to music playlists. This can improve the user experience and make it easier for people to find the information they need.
4. Improved safety and security: AI is being used to improve security in areas such as cybersecurity, law enforcement, and transportation. For example, self-driving cars use AI technology to improve safety on the roads.
5. Privacy concerns: AI technology raises concerns about privacy and data security, as it can collect and analyze large amounts of personal data. There are also concerns about how AI might be used for surveillance or other nefarious purposes.

Overall, AI technology has the potential to bring many benefits to human life, but it also raises important ethical and social questions that need to be addressed as the technology continues to evolve.

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5G network architecture utilizes a more intelligent architecture, with cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RANs) no longer constrained by base station proximity or complex infrastructure. 5G leads the way towards disaggregated, flexible, and virtual RAN with new interfaces creating additional data access points.

The 5G radio protocols consist of two layers in the OSI model of computer networking, a user plane (UP) and a control plane (CP). The UP is located between the IP layer and the physical layer while the UP corresponds to the Data Link Layer.

Did you know there are three 5G network types?

• Low Band 5G- Low band spectrum 5G is best understood as a blanket layer for nationwide coverage.
• Mid Band 5G- About six times faster than 4G LTE, mid band 5G is likely to be more available in major metropolitan areas.
• Millimeter Wave High Band 5G.

What is the benefit of 5G Network in India?

Today, customers mostly use MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) or dedicated lines for line-of-business applications that require higher speeds, low latency, capacity for a larger number of connected devices, less interference and better efficiency. Therefore the new 5G technologies have delivered higher multi-Gbps peak data speeds, ultra low latency of about 5 milliseconds, more reliability, massive network capacity, increased availability, and a more uniform user experience to more users.

What is disadvantage of 5G Network in india?

• Many of the old devices would not be competent to 5G, hence, all of them need to be replaced with new one — expensive deal.
• Developing infrastructure needs high cost.
• Security and privacy issue yet to be solved.
• Weak Upload Speeds: Experts believe that despite its ability to have faster download speeds, 5G technology will have less upload speed compared to 4G and 4G LTE. This is another drawback of 5G technology.
• You may notice that your phone’s battery drains faster than usual while you are connected to a 5G network.
• From 100 times the speed and 1,000 times the capacity of the current day mobile networks, reduced energy use under a single network to provide a variety of heterogeneous services like AI, extended reality (XR), edge computing and the Internet of Things (IoT), 5G network will not only disrupt OTT viewing, but will bring .

The whole world are moving towards hi-tech infrastructure development in many ways. And one of the major infrastructure development going on in communication sector i.e. 5G technology. Is 5G technology harmful for humans and the environment?

There is some evidence that the new devices and technologies associated with 5G will be harmful to delicate ecosystems. The main component of the 5G network that will affect the earth’s ecosystems is the millimeter waves.Nevertheless, it is possible to anticipate some of detrimental environmental consequences of the new technologies and the 5G network, because we know these technologies will increase exposure to harmful radiation, increase mining of rare minerals, increase waste, and increase energy usage.

The main environmental issues associated with the implementation of the 5G network come with the manufacturing of the many component parts of the 5G infrastructure. In addition, the proliferation of new devices that will use the 5G network that is tied to the acceleration of demand from consumers for new 5G-dependent devices will have serious environmental consequences.

The 5G network will inevitably cause a large increase in energy usage among consumers, which is already one of the main contributors to climate change. Additionally, the manufacturing and maintenance of the new technologies associated with 5G creates waste and uses important resources that have detrimental consequences for the environment. 5G networks use technology that has harmful effects on birds and bees, which in turn has cascading effects through entire ecosystems. And, while 5G developers are seeking to create a network that has fewer environmental impacts than past networks, there is still room for improvement and the consequences of 5G should be considered before it is widely rolled out.

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A Pod Taxi also referred to Personal Rapid Transit (PRT), is a public transport mode featuring small automated vehicles operating on a network of specially built guideways which are quite popular in various western countries, can lodge four to six passengers per car.

The POD taxi services will provide smooth connectivity to residential and industrial areas coming between new film city and the Noida International Airport and will pass through several YEIDA sectors such as 21, 28, 29, 30 and 32 and also connect to other Sectors/regions.

YEIDA officials said, authority proposed the pod taxi project to be completed its first phase before the end of 2023. earlier the project was proposed to be built on an elevated corridor but the DPR has suggested it to be constructed on surface itself and there should be two corridors for a hassle-free and fast travel from airport to new film city and return, hence once UP government gives approval, Then Swiss company – Zurich International, may start work at the site of the airport next month.

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